British University Grading System - No Easy A's here?

[image: I think the source is embedded on the photo but I found it on google]

ok that's something that I am not getting used to.  I don't quite understand.  Although I have a better idea than before... (thanks to Wikipedia, which is always helpful)...

One of few things I know now, is that it is very hard (although I have been told impossible but how is that impossible?  so very rough stats will follow) to get the first class honors in law in the UK.  Statistically, it is like only 6.some percent of the total law students get the first class honors.  In Cambridge, base on the past stats it seems about 10% for the first years and a bit higher for the second and third years.  This means that it is not impossible per se as the past stats do not show 0% of the Cambridge law students getting the first class. 

So... ok it is difficult but not impossible.

Definitely needed some adjustments in receiving grades, although they are not formal grades (As we don't get any formal grades until the end of the year).  I have received my essays back mainly achieving 60 something percents.  What? Sixty something???  Sure I have gotten some bad grades but 60's was never my regular grades.  More like 80's and 90's.  So... is it because I was smarter while I was in the American and Canadian university systems? Or was I just better in my engineering and business studies?  Or is the UK university system just that much stingier in grades?

I am not sure...

But I do feel that unless everything lines up - the moon and the stars and the sun and whatever else and I am perfectly prepared and I get lucky in some questions and I am healthy and feeling great on exam days and everything else... it would be a challenge for me to get the first class in my first year in the second year of law programme at Cambridge.  It does not mean that I am not targeting the first class (which is above 70% average) and I will be pretty happy with my 2.1 (the upper second class average - meaning between 60 and 69%).

So it's like this.

1. People are saying it is IMPOSSIBLE to get the first class --> which is a false statement because I have met people who received the first class in other universities or in other majors or etc.
2. Cambridge stat shows that about 10%-15% of law students get the first class (this is rough.. just going by my memory so don't quote me on this).  I have been in those top 10-15% at other schools. 
3. Is law just more difficult than other majors?
4. Are the UK unis less generous than American universities (for sure - I was at Cornell... I felt the undergrads there enjoyed the benefit of some grade inflation) and even the Canadian universities (UBC is known to be far from generous with the students' grades).

Are both Items 3 and 4 true?
If so, then maybe it is really impossible (and the people who get the first class honors are aliens from some special legally-minded land) for someone like me who is better skilled with numbers and business sense?

Well, I guess only time will tell.  I better hit the books to get my first class - at least to make a good attempt for it.

K

Studying Land Law - Textbooks and revision plan

To tell you the truth, my previous three degrees in two different majors (engineering and business), I bought many textbooks but never really read it.  Yup I am not ashamed to admit it.

I read here and there.  But never really read any.

But studying law is different.  I think having the textbook that fits the way you think and learn is very important.

I find learning the UK land law is like learning a new language and I know as an ESL (now I claim to be bilingual) how difficult it is.  When the first term started, in the lecture and in the supervision, I was recommended to get Gray and Gray: the Elements of Land Law.  Yes it is an alright book.  With 1000+ pages.  You can use it as a pillow.  To me, it was too long and too... indirect.  I would read a passage and would still be confused.  So I bought a case book by McFarlane but still it was too much.  And I found Land Law by Elizabeth Cooke in the library and started reading it.  It made it sense but it was for an introductory level - also very thin definitely not enough info is packed in.  And then I found Modern Land Law by Dixon.  And that is the book that I have been using for revision.  It's written in a clear manner and is well organised and it's not that big. 

I am sure the more you know, the better you will be in the exams but I think it is more important to know the foundations clear than just knowing many things at a superficial level.  I don't know but that's the strategy I am taking.

So for land law revision I am :

1. Reviewing class notes
2. Reviewing supervision notes and questions
3. Reviewing comments received on my essay submissions
4. Outlining the course
5. Building a list of all the cases that I need to know - mainly based on supervision sheets
6. Writing some flashcards for key cases and concepts
7. Topic diagrams / flowcharts

Yup it is a lot to do.  I better get on it.

What I wish I had known before starting my school - Note Taking

Frankly, it hasn't been a year.  Cambridge has a tri-term system and I am currently on the Easter break that comes after the second (Lent term).

No doubt it is difficult but there are a few random things that I wish I did better.

Note Taking
Obviously, you want to take good notes.  The best way you can.  This was one of more difficult things for me as I am not good at listening and writing / typing at the same time.  Thus, my notes sometimes appear that I have only caught 2/3 of the material.  You can always ask the lecturer for permission to record but frankly, I am not sure how many of those students have time to go back and listen to the recorded lectures.

So here is some tips:
1. pick a method and stick with it - obviously unless you try a few different methods, you won't know what you would like.  For me, I prefer typing (And so does 90% of my class).  Easy to modify later and insert comments and questions, highlight and change colors etc. 

2. know what today's topic is. - I don't know about other schools (and I assume it will be similar), the lecturer usually uploads on the faculty website the word version of the handout in advance.  I would spend some time, even if it is for a few min to read over and understand the structure.  Yup, I mean the structure.  Not necessarily the details of each case that will be lectured but what is the topic and subtopics.  One way to do it is to draw out a flow chart or a bubble diagram.  Or in a word document, you can use different heading levels.  It gives a good visual representation of the structure of each topic which can be later used for outlines during revision time. Yeah it is easier said than done as it takes time.  But for my final year, I am going to try anyhow.

3. Color code things - I know I haven't done this for a long time but it does help.  Because you will end up with hundreds of pages of notes and sometimes, you want to look for a case, or an applicable section of a statute or whatever.  First, for words, I leave the lecturer's original note in black.  And insert my note in blue, so it would be easier to spot what is right (the black part) and what has a possibility of being wrong (as I may not have understood the lecturer correctly).  Also I highlight my notes in different color.  I use yellow highlights for important bits, use green highlights for case names, and blue highlight for clauses of statutes.

My supervision notes are also color coded - original information remains in black, I insert my preparation notes in blue.  If I have another source on same topics, I use green to note that it is basically the same information but summarised in a different way possibly.  Also when I go into a supervision, and the supervisor allows use of laptop, then I insert my supervision notes in red.  I know it is complicated but I know now that it makes a difference as my earlier notes don't have a structured color coding system and it is not as easy to review notes as ones from later.

Also reading the textbooks, I use similar system.  Yellow for important texts, green for case names, blue for clauses of statutes, and orange for KEY CONCEPT WORDs. 

Ok I think that's enough for note taking.  I might have more thoughts on it later but for now I am good.

Ongoing revision

I am currently in London staying with D and his family.  It is true that staying here is much nicer than my dorm room in Cambridge: the space is larger and brighter, I get fed (this is very important), and the office and the bedroom are separate (as studying and sleeping in the same room becomes too much sometimes).

I still feel like I am in a planning phase of revisions.  I started to revise tort, land, contract and constitutional: i.e. every paper except for international.  Somehow, I think I will be ok with most topics except for tort.  It is bizarre how most of my college mates find tort easiest yet it seems most difficult to me.

Anyways, there is much to plan / review / and study.  I am not sure how they figured out which topics to go on each syllabus for each paper.  It just seems that the amount of information the faculty envisioned for students to put in the brain after 8 wks of lectures is disproportionate.

However, I will not surrender.  I will conquer.  I will enjoy the study - well at least I will try.

K

Lent term reports coming in

 

 

It's mid march.  Is it normal to be this cold and windy in Southern England this time of the year?

I am not really happy with the weather but there is not much I can do.  I am just glad that my big investment I made when I was back in Vancouver last December (I bought a nice Canada Goose Parka) has had a really good use out of it.  Although unfortunately, I got a white one - as they did not have any black one in stock, it is getting dirty at the edges.  But I guess the upside is, my friends here can spot me from milees away.  And I remain quite visible when I am cycling.  So I may look a bit messy but safety is more important, right?

 

I wasn't feeling very well over the weekend.  I think I am just run down.  But after drinking mugs and mugs of honey lemon tea I am feeling much better - thanks to D who took care of me.

 

So this is the end of the term again.  This means that I get my term report cards from all my supervisors.  As I am taking 5 papers, I will get 5 different sets.  So far only one out of 5 was released for my review (Land Law), he said I perform very well in supervisions but my essays could use improved structures.  Yes, this has been the part that I have most difficulties somehow.  My supervisors seem to think I know the law well but I just don't write as well as I should.  Hmm I am more comfortable with the numbers and bullet points, although this cannot be my excuse.

 

One thing for sure is that writing law essays is actually a skill that I think you can acquire.  I am sure some people have better tools to acquire such skill more easily.  Unfortunately I am not one of them.  But I understand... life is fair.  Calculus 101 was so easy for me when it wasn't to others. 

 

I have four more report cards to come in - one of them from my Director of Studies (DoS).  And also I will have a meeting with him this Thursday to talk about how my term went.

 

I am going to say, it was better than last term for sure.  I am finally getting the hang of how to study law more efficiently although I think there still is room for improvement.

 

K

 



Sunshiny afternoon

After lunch at the dining hall, had coffee and tea with a couple of class/collegemates on the roof top overlooking a cricket field. Yes it was nice.

Wk 7 more than half way done. Wk 8 here I come.

Kay

Is spring coming?

I am not sure but it definitely feels like spring.

Today I have contract, constitutional and international lectures.

Yesterday I attended a law debate on duty of care which was interesting And fun at the same time.

Beautiful Cambridge

Although life can be rather dry with all the work, one thing that Cambridge has going for it is how beautiful Cambridge is. I just wish sometimes I had more time to enjoy the beauty.

Anyways it's the beginning of wk seven. We are almost there...

80 hour school week

Well not just any thursdays.. even week thursdays are hard.

Originally, in this term, because of rescheduling of my Tort supervision - from Tuesdays, my group ended up with three supervisions in one day.  Which is unheard of... not recommended at all.

Preparing for supervisions is quite a lot of work.  Recommended amount of work for each supervision is about 15 hrs.  so 5 papers (i.e. subjects) then that's 75 hrs per every two weeks.

Which is not much... I know...  yeah I used to work 50-70 hrs a week but I got paid... got paid pretty decent money.

I will take this opportunity to illustrate the amount of work that I would (ideally) allocate for school. Let's say each cycle is 2 wks and each term has 4 cycles.

So 5 papers
Lectures - 3 lectures a wk per paper (in Michaelmas Term) and 2 lectures a wk per paper (in Lent Term)... in Easter terms, only make-up lectures or revisions lectures are held... yup surprisingly small number of classes we have.

So let's just say 3 hr/wk/paper

So that's 15 hrs / wk --> 30 hrs / 2 wks
Downloading / flinging notes / printing stuff --> let's be generous and assign 5 hrs / 2 wks.
Supervision preps 75 hr / 2 wks
Supervision hours - they run from 1 hr to 2 hrs so average of 1.5/supervision per 2 wks --> 7.5 hrs/ 2 wks
Essay writing - each paper assigns 2 essays per term.  10 essays per term.  let's say it takes 5 hrs to write one - unfortunately it takes me longer than that... so that's 50 hrs / 8 wks so let's say 12.5 hrs / 2 wks.

Summing up (for 2 wks)

Lectures - 30 hrs
Prep classes - 5 hrs
Supervision prep - 75 hrs
Supervisions - 7.5 hrs
Essay writing 12.5 hrs
-----------------------------
Total of 130 hrs / 2 wks
so that's 65 hrs a week.

but that's sort of average...
if you are verbally challenged - like me - who wishes the law books were written in numbers - like me...
then you need to add some contingency...

so let's say... 80 hrs a wk for me.. but even 65 hrs for normal average law student.. not a light work load.
crazy right?  yeah I did not even study this much even during exam time.

the scary thing is that you need to have your brain fully engaged at all hours...
yup.. that's what it takes as a law student... i am not sure about other places, at least that's what it is to be a law student here...

anyways, Thursdays are long days... hence my lunch [shown in the photo]...

one more supervision (contract) to go.. and then another one (land) tomorrow and wk 6 will be officially done.

K

Desk of a law student

This is my desk. Yup. Full of thick books. Books that I have never thought of reading as an engineer in my previous life.

I miss numbers sometimes but for now I am enjoying studying law.

K

Surviving Cambridge as a Mature Student...

neh... life is not too bad.

I remember hearing this - someone who went to Harvard law that you can balance three S's (school social life and sleep).  You just have to give up on one.

I have three S's and one F.  I have family.  Sure I don't have my family here in Cambridge but they (my partner D and his elderly parents) are in London which is not too far away from Cambridge.

So what do I do?  I can't give up on school.  Duh... that's the main reason why I am here.
I can't give up on my sleep - at my age I just can't.  I need to take care of myself before anything.
And I can't give up on my family for the obvious reasons.  They wait for me.  They care about me.  They miss me.

So what's left?
Social life.  What is that?  I dunno.  Is it something you drink after your meal?
Yeah, that's what I gave up.  So far, not too bad. 

Before coming to Cambridge when I learned a term here was 8 week long, I thought it was a joke.  I was used to the semester system where each semester would run for about 13-14 weeks + 2-3 weeks of exam time. 

I thank god every day that each term is only 8 week long.  You cannot physically do any longer.  Although I must say I do balance things quite well - I believe - better than those young ones, who still have much desire to party and to socialise with peers.  I have done that.  I have done that well and a lot.  I got that out of my system.  My priorities are different now.  Yeah sometimes, I wonder if I should be more like them but... I quickly realise the time has passed.  I am no longer 20 yrs old. 

It is not easy to be standing out in any ways.  But definitely got benefits of being different, being more mature. 

It is the end of Week 6.  Two more weeks and my second term is done here. 

K

Lent term and tripos

i know it is a bit embarrassing to write about the lent term when it is already more half over. but... here it goes.

so life as an affiliated student reading law is not easy.
law degree in general is considered to be the most difficult degree in the UK. (it is considered to be the most difficult to get the first class hounors. there is some article i read before).

but that's just for students taking it over 3 years.  affiliated students like me (also called senior status students) are finishing it in two years.  it probably makes it at least 50% harder.

currently, i am reading 5 papers (i.e. 5 subjects).
only two of them are the first year courses and the rest are from the second years.
and four out of three are core papers - which mean their syllabi cover a lot of material. 

although at the end of the degree, we - the graduates of 2 year law program - will not have completed as many papers (or subjects or courses whichever concept you feel comfortable) but we would have completed all the core ones and some electives.  yes.. it is intense. 

anyways, so in michaelmas term as the first term, it is definitely front loaded with lectures.  all core papers have three lectures a week.  this term, unless a lecturer is behind or needs to make up for a missed one, we usually have two lectures for all five papers.  so that means 10 hours of lectures a week.  that seems light, eh?  NO.  definitely not light.  because they are still covering so much material in each class and there is a pressure of tripos (i.e. year end exams...).  and they are scary. 

argh... yesterday, my classmate told me 'we need to study because we only have 18 weeks left till tripos..' yes for any other courses or program, i would have just laughed at him but here... it is different... i am starting to feel the pressure. 

K

Land and International, Cambridge Tripos

I have explained previously that I am taking a two year law program; thus I have to take some papers (courses) that are for second year students.

So currently I am taking - Constitutional, Tort (these two are for 1st yrs - to be more accurate for Part IA) and Contract, Land and International (these three are for 2nd yr student - for Part IB).

There are seven papers that one has to take to be qualified in the UK and that include Constitutional, Tort, Contract, Land, (I am taking these four this year as a Part IB student - I skipped Part IA as I entered Cambridge as an affiliated student) and EU, Criminal and Equity (these three I will be taking next year as a Part II student).

Trust me.  The Cambridge tripos system is so very complicated.  I still don't quite understand.  Maybe I kind of understand now but I am probably not using the terms correctly.

International was an optional paper that I was "strongly" recommended to take.  I would have taken IP if I could but it was "strongly" recommended for me not to take.  Argh.  I was a bit disappointed as I only get to choose three optional papers until I graduate but... it seems that International Law is very interesting and it definitely helps me to understand better what's going on around the world.

K

Law, law and law...

yes, i am  not writing as often as i would like. but it is just too much.
my life is just consumed by law related things.  law classes, law supervisions, law books, law essays, law.. law... law...

as much as i find it intellectually challenging, i am now remembering what some tutors told me - i will need to have a life outside of school.  well their point was, otherwise, i will go crazy.

luckily, i have family in london, not far from cambridge.  i try to go see them as much as possible.  although they are more in-laws still they are my family.

also when i am in london, it has become somewhat of a tradition for me to cook every saturday.  i cook a family meal.  last saturday, i got some fresh seabass and pan fried with garlic, ginger and spring onion topping.  i loved it.  not sure if everyone else loved it as much as i did.

life is very simple.  not much goes on other than... well law related things.
i know kids can squeeze in drinking and partying.. but i was never a drinker and a partier so... that leaves me just with books.

K

Should I type the notes? or Write it?

So I had about three hours of official lectures last week.  Somehow at Cambridge each week starts on Thursday?  Yup.. not Sunday or Monday... but Thursday.  Yes... I raised my eyebrow.  But a wise man keeps telling me "resistance is futile..." so I accept it and don't question it.

The first lecture was on Land Law.  5 past the hour, the lecturer starts to lecture (obviously) and you could hear about 200 people madly typing away.  It was weird.  I guess it's because I haven't sit in a lecture with this many students for a long long time.  My last time there were this many students in one room was... 1996?? And way back then, no one had a laptop in a class.  Unfortunately, I was one of them but I couldn't not type everything like some of these kids.  They must be machine.  I wonder if they are actually digesting the material at all or typing the lecture word by word.

Last Saturday, I attended an introductory lecture on "Studying Law", where the professor suggested hand writing the notes instead of typing.  So I think I may try that tomorrow?  But then I will want a set of typed notes eventually.  But I just can't type everything.  What to do what to do.

K

Still haven't found my routine

I got up at a decent time today.  Maybe quarter past 5?  But then I was dead by the time I got back from my second supervision from walking so much.

Who knew that going to a fancy school like Cambridge would require so much walking?  Well, I actually didn't expect anything although I was warned that I would need a bike.

So I got a bike, and because I am not very good with speed and also I haven't ridden a bike for like 25 years or so, I got a bike with smaller wheels, a folding bike.  The problem with that is that I am going much slower than other people - so big wheeled people want to pass me AND it requires me to pedal a lot harder.  Geez.. that kinda defeats the purpose of having a bike, doesn't it?  I wanted to get around easier not harder.  So now what my bike does is... it allows me to go to places slightly faster but not with less efforts.  And since I am not very good at riding it yet, I feel like I am a danger to myself ADN to the Cambridge society.  Hmm... maybe I should get up early on the weekends and practice riding.

I had two supervisions one at Trinity and one at Robinson (and both are really really far) and I kinda started to get what they are for.  It is really an odd system if you think about it.  I don't think I got this much supervision / care even from high schools (and I attended three in two different countries).

I am going to have lots of reading.  Too much for my little printer - which is being delivered tomorrow to handle I think.  Will I be able to read it all?  And keep it in my brain?  I guess we just have to find out soon.

Oh yeah, I meant to talk about how I don't have my routine.  Many things that I do involve internet.  For some reason, maybe HH is a bit away from the main campus or it is just a smaller college, I'm just not getting a good school wifi.  I am used to 20M download, which is not actually that great in some sense.  Ok it doesn't have to be that fast but at least be stable?  Is that too much to ask in this day and age?  Argh... I am expecting that I should be able to watch Netflix or iPlayer online (well actually I should) but at least if I am emailing and surfing for course books, it should stay on-line?  Is that too much to ask?

Anyways, I am spending much time trying to figure out how to store files, where to store files, etc.  Should I buy kindle books when available?  Should I read cases on iPad?  Should I just print everything?

Another thing is that now I only have an access to Mac (yeah school has PCs) and getting things done on MS Office suite on Mac is not always the best.

Ok, enough of whinging.

K

[photo: I need more comfortable shows than these]

It's been a week

Well almost a week.

I moved in the dorm last Tuesday and it's Monday evening so... it's been almost a week.

So much has happened.  It feels like I have been here for a long time even I spent two out of six nights in London.

First of all, there was no heat from September 25 to September 30.  It was FREEZING.  At least I had a thick duvet from Ikea which I was so thankful for but it seemed like some other people kept waking up in the middle of the night because it was so cold.

So today is the first day with heat.  I was worried that they will be stingy with heat but so far it seems that the small radiator can heat up quite nicely.  It almost feels like I have a space heater under my desk.  Yes.. toasty.. so nice...

To quickly summarize what took place since September 25 -

September 25 - it was a registration day.  Most of LLM and BA aff Law students had to register (I think.  I think the BA Law registered some other day).  And I got my room assigned.  It has a nice view of the garden and has an ensuite bathroom.  You know what, I did not expect anything so this is not bad.  There also was Welcome Tea which was a good opportunity to meet a few people.

September 26 - Went to look for a bike with one of the floormates who are taking the same program as I do.  She managed to buy one but I didn't.  I was going to order from Amazon and I did.. but my credit card had some issues so eventually I had to cancel the order.

September 27 - omg.  I don't remember what happened on 27 already.  Man my memory is shot.  How am I going to survive the law school?  Oh yes, I went to the first set of Introductory lectures.  All three were very good.  I uploaded the notes.

September 28 - I went to the second set of Introductory lectures.  All three lectures were very interesting but there were many terms that I had to pay keen attentions so my notes weren't as good - so I haven't uploaded them yet.

September 29 - Saturday was the Matriculation day.  I don't actually understand the purpose of it but over all it was nice.  I don't think any of the schools I have been to had similar functions.  No school took photos like you would do for graduation before I started the course.  But then I never took graduation photos... maybe when I graduate from Cambridge, I will take some grad photos?

Also, on Saturday, I had a meeting with my tutor.  He told me that I should do some things other than studying law otherwise I will go crazy.  I didn't really tell him that I don't have hobbies that are typically enjoyed by majority of people.  I didn't tell him that my hobbies are going to Costco for shopping, looking for (residential) properties to purchase, and looking for next startup ideas.  Oh I do paint, draw and take photos sometimes but they didn't seem that significant.

After the meeting with my tutor, I went to London.  I also managed to get a 16-25 railcard, a card that allows you to get 1/3 discount on rail tickets for one year for £28.  I was going to meet D at Kings Cross and funny enough, I got to Kings Cross like 25 min earlier from Cambridge that D from Wandsworth.

My main purpose of the trip to London was (other than seeing my beloved) to get my bank card picked up but I couldn't manage it due to London's commuter traffic.  Well let's just say I thought Vancouver was bad.

After an unsuccessful attempt to pick up my bank package, D dropped me off at the Putney train station.  So from there, took a train to Vauxhall, on Victoria Line to Kings Cross St. Pancras, and from Kings Cross to Cambridge.  Overall from Putney, it took about 2 hrs to get to Cambridge.

Today, October 1, I had a meeting with my Director of Studies (DoS) to discuss this year's subjects.  It seems like I will be taking: constitutional law, contract law, tort, land law, and international law.  They all sounds very interesting.  Tomorrow, supervisions will start.  And I was surprised to find out the supervisions are all over the campus.  I mean ALL OVER!!!  I was trying to get by without getting a bike but after learning where my supervisions are (and I have these five times every other week on top of lecture that I have every day at the law school - which is also 25min walking distance).  I finally gave in and bought a bike.

Well I think this is long enough now.  I should turn in soon because I have two supervisions tomorrow and before the first one, I have to go and pick up my bicycle.

K

[photo: Cambridge Squire Law Library]

Introductory Course - Day 1

So all the new students to the faculty of law at Cambridge is required (but not sure how they enforce it) to take the three day introductory course.  There are two sets - one for normal first year law students and one for rest of them.  I fall into the rest of them as I am doing two year BA as an affiliated student.  I heard so much about how difficult it would be.  Hmmm... are they just trying to scare me? or is it REALLY going to be that challenging?  Don't get me wrong - I don't think it will be a stroll in the park but for now I really don't know what to expect.

Here are my notes taken for today's classes.  I must say both lecturers were so good and I was totally into the lectures... even with a bad headache.  :)

Disclaimer - this is written by me and I could have misheard or mistyped or misinterpreted the contents. After all, I don't speak the same English as the people giving me the talks.

Introduction to Cambridge and to Faculty of Law (GrahamVirgo)

Who does what?

-       colleges and faculty – how are the responsibilities split?

-       University – responsible for formal teaching (including exams andgiving degree – I will end up with a BA, previously LLB was LLM yup it isconfusing)

-       Colleges – small group teaching and supervisions will be provided bycollege for BA but with LLM, all teachings are done by faculty)

-       Faculty of Law – lectures are provided at the faculty

o  Lectures are starting at 5 pastand finish at 5 to every hour (each lecture is 50min)

o  LG – lower ground, B – basement

o  Library 1 to 3^rdlevel

o  Admin – Receptionist (Norma –she will have answers to most questions if not she can point to the rightperson, Laura Smethurst – Secretary of Faculty – we will get many emails fromher)

o  Limited financial supportavailable for hardship

o  You can be a practicing lawyerin the UK with one year of academic studying of law.

o   Debate of legitimacy of law as an academic subject - the Feb 27 in LG19

o  Need to learn how to think andwrite like a lawyer

o  Critical engagement – not onlyto criticize the law but also suggest improvements

o  Develop other legal skills

o  Mooting – form of debatingabout law and the application of particular problems (participate mootingcompetitions)

Practical issues (Steve Burdett)

-       Computing – http://www.law.cam.ac.uk

o  Internet based legal resources– westlaw uk / lexis library / justcite etc

o  Lapwing and Eduroam (Eduroam  - just need to be authenticated once)

o  Free McAfee –http//www-tus.csx.ac.uk/virus (Mac/PC)

o  www.microsoft.com/security_essenctials

o  www.malwarebytes.org

-       Mailing lists – http//lists.cam.ac.uk – Raven authenticated

-       Check that you are a member – computer.office@law.cam.ac.uk

Introduction to Law and Sources of Law (Mrs. Padfield)

Recently there has been much focus onprocedural justice – which will not be our focus at the moment.

Common law vs. Equity Law

-       common law tradition – Romans never had influenced on the legalsystem in the UK

-       Writs

-       Lord chancellors – legal advisors

-       Common law courts and equity courts were running in parallelhowever, it is important to distinguish.

-       Bleak House – Charles Dickens ß read

-       1873 – 1875 – time of enormous arrogance, time of radical legalreform

-       Since then, you can go to any court and ask for common law or equitylaw remedies

-       In contract – common law court only developed common law remediesand equity courts – different

-       Magna carta – highlight to understand – some sort of human rightsdocument

-       1485 – Welsh took over all power of this country

-       when speaking about English legal system it means English and Welshsystem – Scottish system is very different

-       1605 – Scotland and England joined

-       there is no one written constitutions – bits and pieces due tocomplicated legal history

Sources of Law – acts of parliaments

-       acts of parliaments – before they become acts, they are bills

-       Common Law systems – we put more weight on cases

-       Judges

o  Status of judges different fromEnglish system to others (lawyers become judges)

o  We needed judges to make law –codification of law may not require judges to make laws (i.e. in France) –judges made law

o  The court of appeal (there isonly one in this country) – can set precedents

-       cases remain as an important source of the law

o  Martin (if only one name thentypically criminal case, neutral citation code is EWCA Crim 2245)

o  Reeves v Commissioner (But readReeves and Commissioners) - tort – Ms Reeves partner got caught and hunghimself.  Ms Reeves sued the police.

o  Ms Reeves was awarded 8600 GBP à then appealed, then got awarded 4300 because both parties wereaware of Mr Reeves mental instability

o  A v S of S for Home Dept – read to understand how to read cases

o  R (Purdy) – judicial reviewcases, right to die cases (Mrs. Purdy would like for her husband to be allowedto kill her)

-       You don’t have an innate ability to appeal – unless you prove thatthe court was unsafe(?) that the conviction was unsafe.

Structure of the Courts

Civil Courts

-       magistrates’ courts (unpaid and unqualified) – mainly family lawbusiness, can’t divorce people but can set terms of separations etc

-       county courts – not much interesting for visitors, busy for all lowlevels – relatively small - civil disputes, contract à cheaper than high courts

-       you get higher quality judges at high courts

-       high courts – more substantive cases

o  wills, trusts, injunctions –chancery division at high courts

o  queen’s bench division – expertcourts within this division, includes commercial court

o  divisions are much moreflexible now so even if you are not in the quite right division, less likely toget thrown out

o  family divisions

-       Court of Appeal (CA) – Civil divison

-       Supreme courts – used to be called house of lords (changed in 2005)(à look up carpets at Supreme courts) à Supreme Court is for UK

-       Tax matters – high court to Supreme Court

Criminal Courts

-       serious cases are dealt at Crown Courts

-       Judge can have a trial without a jury but very exceptional cases

-       Summarying, indictable, tribal

-       Magistrates court can convict much less amount – if guilty, pleadguilty magistrates court if pleading not guilty, go for a jury for much higheracquittal rate.

-       Divisional court –

-       Mr Fagen’s case – innocently parked on policeman’s foot but did notmove it right away but had a laugh.  Didhe assault the policeman?

Cricket Field at Fenner's

Finally arrived in UK

Last month or so has gone by so fast and so crazy I can hardly remember yet it felt like forever. After so much happened, D and I finally landed in the UK. We had to go through the immigration separately since they had a line only for new international students. I wasn't asked too many questions. Just a few basic ones.

Now I am really a full time student? I will try to fill in some gaps before classes begin. Until then...

K

(photo: today I fell asleep at 5:30pm for a quick nap but ended up sleeping till 10:20pm. Not sure I will be able to sleep. Yikes.)

Student visa received, place listed for rental, clothing chucked...

Before getting into anything else, let's just say that I got my passport back soon after my last posting.  Yay~  To be exact, I received my visa not too much after I wrote that posting.  Maybe 2 days?

Once I got back my passport, I was so relieved.  And it really made me realize I am going to the UK and I am going to Cambridge to study law.

Yikes...

Anyways, since then I realized there are so many things that need to be done.  First, we had to get our place listed to let.  We found a rental agent and it is posted today.  Fingers crossed.  It would relieve so much financial pressure if we can let our place...

In addition, I started to think about which furniture and other things that we would like to get rid of.  I thought this is a perfect opportunity to get rid of things that are totally functioning but at the time of purchase I sort of bought them as a temporary solution - i.e. many of the IKEA pieces.  Now that we actually have to store things at someone else's house - my parents' - I think we really need to keep only the ones that we would like to keep for a long time.  So I made a moving sale flyer.  I am hoping to get rid of both of IKEA bed frames and other big bulky bookshelves etc.

Also I got rid of another 6 garbage bagful of clothing items.  Just from my stuff.  It is amazing how much stuff I had especially I donated about the same amount earlier this year and since then I haven't really bought any - maybe a pair of shoes and a couple of t-shirts.  Yikes.  I am really trying to become a minimalist.  The situation is pushing me that way but also I want to become a minimalist by choice.  Anyways.. that's where I am now.

K